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Metodologías de Co-Creación para Diseñar Comunidades Energéticas Solares de Abajo Hacia Arriba: caso de Estudio Colombia

Published 2025-01-16
Articles

Abstract

Las comunidades energéticas son esquemas colectivos de generación de energía limpia en los que los ciudadanos se organizan para generar, almacenar y gestionar recursos energéticos distribuidos, principalmente energía solar. Aunque existen pocas comunidades energéticas en el contexto latinoamericano, en comparación con el número de casos reportados en Europa, existe un interés particular en explorar modelos de gobernanza para el autoconsumo comunitario a partir de fuentes de energía solar conectadas a la red que consideren las condiciones culturales locales. Este trabajo describe una metodología de co-creación, basada en diversas técnicas existentes, para ser utilizada como herramienta para el diseño de modelos comunitarios de energía de abajo hacia arriba. Esta propuesta integra dos técnicas de resolución de problemas: el pensamiento de diseño y el modelo 4D. La metodología fue probada en talleres de creación colaborativa, tanto con actores como con residentes de la Comuna 13 en Medellín, Colombia, para identificar los elementos para crear una comunidad de energía solar en el contexto colombiano, asegurando la sostenibilidad económica y social. Como resultado, los participantes definieron un esquema de funcionamiento para la comunidad solar que incluía: un modelo de gobernanza y toma de decisiones, compromisos de participación, estrategias de identidad, comunicación, educación y un fondo comunitario para compartir los beneficios del excedente energético. Resultó evidente que la confianza y el compromiso entre los facilitadores y las comunidades, junto con las estrategias de educación energética en la gestión participativa de los proyectos comunitarios, son esenciales para construir con éxito comunidades solares colaborativas.

Categories

Authors

  • Juanita Giraldo Quiroz

    Colombia

  • Juan Manuel España Forero

    Colombia

  • Santiago Ortega Arango

    Colombia

  • Diana Estefanía Lawrence Pedroza

    Colombia

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