El Convertidor Sepic: Comparación Control Externo y Control en Cascada
Resumen
Este artículo presenta un estudio comparativo entre dos estrategias de control análogo —control directo y control en cascada— aplicadas a la regulación del voltaje de salida en un convertidor SEPIC. La investigación aborda el modelado del convertidor en el dominio del espacio de estados, seguido por la obtención de las funciones de transferencia en pequeña señal, empleadas para el diseño de controladores PID mediante el método de asignación de polos. El sistema que constituye el objeto de estudio tiene una potencia nominal de 3.2 kW alcanzando así las condiciones para ser un sistema de generación de energía distribuida. La simulación se llevó a cabo utilizando el software Matlab® / Simulink™ por medio de los dos tipos de esquemas de control implementados sobre el modelo conmutador del convertidor con componentes discretos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el control en cascada tuvo mejores desempeños, rechazando perturbaciones en la señal de voltaje de entrada DC. En condiciones estáticas de operación, el sistema controlado alcanzó un tiempo de establecimiento de 10 ms acorde a las especificaciones dadas, y redujo el sobrepico en la señal de salida después de los transitorios en un 68.92% el pico de corriente del inductor L1. Estos resultados resaltan la capacidad del control en cascada para mitigar las fluctuaciones y mejorar la estabilidad del sistema, destacando que el control en cascada es una opción de regulación robusta y eficiente que mejora significativamente la respuesta dinámica y la fiabilidad operativa del convertidor SEPIC.
Palabras clave
Categorías
Autores/as
Referencias
Arany, R. R., & Bratcu, A. I. (2017). Robust control of a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC). Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEEE.2017.8170665
Åström, K. J., & Hägglund, T. (2009). Control PID avanzado. Madrid, España: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Åström, K. J., & Murray, R. M. (2010). Feedback systems. Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcm4gdk
Ayachit, A., Reatti, A., & Kazimierczuk, M. K. (2016). Small-signal modeling of PWM dual-SEPIC DC–DC converter by circuit averaging technique. Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), 3606–3611. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2016.7793030
Bacha, S., Munteanu, I., & Bratcu, A. I. (2014). Power electronic converters: Modeling and control. London, Reino Unido: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5478-5
Chandan, B., Dwivedi, P., & Bose, S. (2019). Closed loop control of SEPIC DC–DC converter using loop shaping control technique. Proceedings of the IEEE 10th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGRC.2019.8837093
Elsayad, N., Moradisizkoohi, H., & Mohammed, O. (2021). A new SEPIC-based step-up DC–DC converter with wide conversion ratio for fuel cell vehicles: Analysis and design. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 68(8), 6390–6400. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3007110
Gayen, P. K., Roy Chowdhury, P., & Dhara, P. K. (2018). Improved dynamic performance of a bidirectional SEPIC–Zeta converter-based battery energy storage system using adaptive sliding mode control. Electric Power Systems Research, 160, 348–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2018.03.016
Geethalakshmi, B. (2015). Design of a closed loop control scheme for a DC–DC SEPIC converter using loop shaping method. Proceedings of the International Conference on Circuits, Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCPCT.2015.7159361
Goudarzian, A., Khosravi, A., & Raeisi, H. A. (2021). A new approach in design of sliding-mode voltage controller for a SEPIC converter. International Journal of Dynamics and Control, 9(3), 1197–1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-020-00741-9
Hussain, J., & Mishra, M. K. (2015). Design of current mode controlled SEPIC DC–DC converter for MPPT control of wind energy conversion systems. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy, Information and Communication (ICCPEIC), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCPEIC.2015.7259460
Kanimozhi, G., Meenakshi, J., & Sreedevi, V. T. (2017). Small-signal modeling of a DC–DC type double boost converter integrated with SEPIC converter using state-space averaging approach. Energy Procedia, 117, 835–846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.201
Kircioğlu, O., Ünlü, M., & Çamur, S. (2016). Modeling and analysis of DC–DC SEPIC converter with coupled inductors. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (INDEL), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797807
Mouslim, S., et al. (2020). Simulation and analyses of SEPIC converter using linear PID and fuzzy logic controller. Materials Today: Proceedings, 27, 3199–3208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.506
Mumtaz, F., et al. (2021). Review on non-isolated DC–DC converters and their control techniques for renewable energy applications. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(4), 3747–3763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.03.022
Nishat, M. M., et al. (2018). Modeling, simulation and performance analysis of SEPIC converter using hysteresis current control and PI control method. Proceedings of the International Conference on Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology (ICISET), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISET.2018.8745619
Patarroyo-Gutiérrez, L. D., González-Niño, M. E., & Plazas, J. A. (2024). Convertidor SEPIC: modelado y control considerando pérdidas de energía interna. Ingeniería y Competitividad, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.25100/iyc.v26i1.13016
Polsky, T., et al. (2018). Transient and steady-state analysis of a SEPIC converter by an average state-space modelling. Proceedings of the IEEE 18th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2018.8522000
Poluthai, S., & Jirasuwankul, N. (2018). Simulation of a miniature SEPIC converter with PI controller for thermoelectric generator module. Proceedings of the International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEECON.2018.8712248
Sel, A., et al. (2017). Comparative analysis of performance of the SEPIC converter using LQR and PID controllers. Proceedings of the International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC), 839–844. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSTCC.2017.8107141
Sivakumar, S., et al. (2016). Assessment on performance of DC–DC converters for renewable energy applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58, 1475–1485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.057
Sivamani, D., et al. (2021). Design and implementation of highly efficient UPS charging system with single-stage power factor correction using SEPIC converter. Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, 1809–1819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.744
Sree, B. L., & Umamaheswari, M. G. (2017). Modeling and control of solar power fed single-ended primary inductor converter using cascade control scheme. Proceedings of the Trends in Industrial Measurement and Automation (TIMA), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIMA.2017.8064784
Ullah, M., et al. (2019). Design of linear quadratic regulator controller for SEPIC converter. Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET48972.2019.8994463
Verma, M., & Kumar, S. S. (2018). Hardware design of SEPIC converter and its analysis. Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTCT.2018.8551052