Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos
type: channel
description: The Journal Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos, edited by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Universidad de los Llanos, is pleased to invite researchers, academics, professionals and students interested in agroecology and the agricultural, livestock and life sciences sectors to present their articles for our next edition. Our journal is dedicated to the dissemination of high-quality scientific and technical material that contributes to the knowledge and development of sustainable and resilient agricultural production systems. With more than 2000 visits in the last six months, our Journal has been established as a reference space for the scientific and technical community interested in agricultural and life sciences. Semi-annual periodicity ISSN: 2248-4817
publisher: Universidad de los Llanos
language: en
publication name: Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos
issn: 2248-4817
copyright: Esta revista y sus artículos se punlican bajo la licencia Creative Commons (CC BY – NC-ND 4.0), que permite el uso, distribución y reproducción sin restricciones en cualquier medio o formato, siempre que se acredite el autor y la fuente originales; no usar bajo propósitos comerciales.
items: Memorias IV Congreso Internacional de Investigación e Innovación Agroindustrial
items: Cytogenetic comparison of the white Cachama progeny karyotype (Piaractus orinoquensis) obtained with fresh and cryopreserved semen
items: Models for assessing the impact of land use change on food security and sustainability: a review
items: Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Cholangiohepatitis and Hepatic Necrosis in Captive Lagothrix Lagotricha (Family Atelidae, Non-Human Primate)
items: Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis: Case report in a canine
items: Memories I International Congress of Ruminant Production in the Tropics University of de Llanos
items: Animal consciousness, beyond instincts: the silenced inner lives of those who also feel
items: Effect of short-term storage on semen quality and total antioxidant capacity in white cachama semen (Piaractus orinoquensis)
items: Original antigenic sin between common human coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: clinical implications of COVID-19
items: Security Fronts as a strategy for citizen participation in Villavicencio
items: Security and territorial management in Villavicencio: a new boost from the MNVCC
items: Feline idiopathic cystitis: Case Report
items: Mites associated with the cultivation of strawberries Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne (Weston) in Pamplona, Norte de Santander
items: Memories VI Meeting of Researchers of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources - University of the Llanos
items: Artificial Intelligence as an ally for achieving research objectives
items: Biomaterials implemented to accelerate bone consolidation of critical defects in long bones
items: Entomofauna associated with Non-Bt conr cultvation in Córdoba, Argentina
items: In vivo Digestibility in sheep fed with silage and supplemented with wheat bran, with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
items: Phenological and morphometric characterization of a Cajanus cajan seedling stand in an AW2 climate
items: A systematic review of plant extracts and secondary metabolites of tick-killing interest for Rhipicephalus microplus in cattle
items: Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on in vitro Digestibility of five forage species using sheep feces as inoculum
items: Productive and physiological behavior of fattening sheep with supplementation while grazing on Brachiaria spp.
items: Is Mpox the new emerging sexually transmitted disease?
items: Analysis of a strategy of a short food supply chain urban-rural in the District of Medellin
items: Conceptual design of a slow pyrolysis plant for producing biochar derived from crop residues and agro-industrial cassava wastes.
items: Hydroponic green fodder and mulberry foliage. Feeding alternatives for dairy cattle in family production systems
items: Mini review of neonatal maladjustment syndrome in horses
items: Effect of environmental enrichment on weight gain and human-animal relationship in grazing cattle
items: Impact of aquatic antibiotic pollution on Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance
items: Socio-Environmental indicators applied to the assessment of water quality in the agricultural sector. A Review.

Memorias IV Congreso Internacional de Investigación e Innovación Agroindustrial
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description: Memorias IV Congreso Internacional de Investigación e Innovación Agroindustrial
subject: Memorias evento científico
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creator: Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-24
publication date: 2026-02-24
ending page: 1435
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1435

Cytogenetic comparison of the white Cachama progeny karyotype (Piaractus orinoquensis) obtained with fresh and cryopreserved semen
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description: Cytogenetics facilitates the analysis of chromosomal integrity to identify potential alterations derived from the use of reproductive biotechnologies, such as cryopreserved semen in the production of native fish of economic importance as Piaractus orinoquensis, a species distinguished from its relatives through genetic and morphological methods. The demand for techniques that facilitate artificial reproduction in non-seasonal periods drove the development of semen cryopreservation, a technique that expands gamete accessibility throughout the year and helps mitigate the restrictions of reproductive management linked to seasonal cycles in this species native to the Colombian Orinoquia. The objective was to compare the karyotypes of progenies of cachama blanca (Piaractus orinoquensis) fertilized with fresh versus cryopreserved semen, evaluating differences in genetic and chromosomal quality between both reproductive strategies. This study applied the protocol of Bertollo et al. (1978), with methods of collection, fixation, and chromosomal examination in renal cells. Chromosomes from offspring generated with fresh and cryopreserved semen were analyzed, revealing 27 chromosomal pairs without significant morphological changes between groups.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Paula Andrea Páez-Sánchez
creator: Santiago José Bustamante-Morales
creator: Esteban David Güiza-Rozo
creator: Diana Nathalie Guaje-Ramírez
creator: Owens José Barros-Barrios
creator: Sandro Tonello
creator: Víctor Mauricio Medina-Robles
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-06
publication date: 2026-03-06
ending page: 1434
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1434

Models for assessing the impact of land use change on food security and sustainability: a review
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description: This article sought to identify the main models for assessing the impact of land use change on food security and sustainability at the global level. The trends obtained from the literature review allowed us to recognise the geographical distribution, the typology of the most widely used models, the application approach and the associated variables. This review was based on a systematic search of related articles in four scientific databases over a 10-year period (2013-2023). The results show that the most widely used model worldwide is the CA-Marcov model, with Asia and Africa being the continents where it is most commonly applied, especially in approaches associated with agriculture and climate change. It was also found that variables associated with crops (Q4), urban cover (Q3), vegetation (Q3) and water bodies (Q3) are preferred for the construction of models to assess the impact of Land-Use-Land-Cover (LULC) change on food security and sustainability. These variables are related to biophysical factors (Q2), demographic pressure (Q2) and roads or pathways (Q1). It is suggested that the models detected involve multidimensional variables that allow for the representation and prediction of phenomena associated with LULC changes that have an impact on scenarios that are far from food security and sustainability. It is suggested that the models detected involve multidimensional variables that allow for the representation and prediction of phenomena associated with LULC changes that have an impact on scenarios that are far from food security and sustainability.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Paula Andrea Pérez Hernández
creator: Julio Eduardo Beltran Vargas
creator: Carlos Alfonso Zafra Mejía
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
ending page: 1372
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1372

Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Cholangiohepatitis and Hepatic Necrosis in Captive Lagothrix Lagotricha (Family Atelidae, Non-Human Primate)
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description: Colombia harbors more than 30 primate species, many threatened or endangered, positioning bioparks as critical actors in species conservation and public environmental education. We report a fatal case in an adult male woolly (churuco) monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) maintained at Los Ocarros Biopark (Meta, Colombia) that progressed to multiorgan failure. On July 28, 2023, the animal presented inappetence, weakness, and aversion to the handling area. Empirical therapy was initiated with oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg IM q48h) and vitamin B complex (10 µg/ kg IM, single dose). Hematology revealed leukocytosis; serum biochemistry showed elevated ALT and increased BUN/urea, suggestive of azotemia. On August 4, the patient was referred to the University of Los Llanos Veterinary Clinical Center. Under ketamine anesthesia (5 mg/kg IM), echocardiography, thoracic radiography, hematology, and biochemistry were performed, demonstrating cardiomegaly, mild hydropericardium, ventricular hypertrophy, right-sided heart failure with ascites, hepatic congestion, and renal disease compatible with glomerulitis. Physical examination identified a grade 3/6 systolic murmur, and coproparasitology detected Strongylus spp. Management included furosemide (2 mg/kg PO q12h × 5 days), diltiazem (2 mg/kg PO q24h × 5 days), pyrantel pamoate (11 mg/kg PO), and adjunct homeopathic preparations (Trinov, Coenzyme, Ubichinon; 0.3 mL each PO BID). A transient improvement in appetite and behavior was noted on August 8. During physical restraint for follow-up on September 6, the animal developed shock and died suddenly. Necropsy (September 13) documented a markedly enlarged heart (~60% of thoracic volume) with serosanguineous pericardial effusionmild tricuspid valve deformity, severe coronary congestion, irregular kidneys with poor corticomedullary distinction and partially adherent capsule, and adrenal hemorrhages. Death was attributed to multiorgan failure secondary to right congestive heart failure and chron…
subject: Casos clínicos
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creator: Joyce Stefanny Choachí-Gutiérrez
creator: Laura Daniela Ibarra-Arcila
creator: Angie Zuleiny Parra-Delgado
creator: Ivanna Carrillo-Hernández
creator: Pablo Felipe Cruz-Ochoa
creator: Daniel Eduardo Zambrano-Lugo
creator: Dumar Alexander Jaramillo-Hernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-16
publication date: 2026-02-16
ending page: 1357
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1357

Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis: Case report in a canine
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description: Passive laxity of the hip joint and underlying subluxation are the main risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis, which are the primary signs of hip dysplasia in dogs. Therefore, early diagnosis and surgical treatment should be performed to prevent future joint disease. By diagnosing coxofemoral laxity early in puppies less than 20 weeks of age, preventive/therapeutic measures can be taken to reduce the prevalence of the disease. This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a 12-week-old male Siberian husky that was brought to the Veterinary Clinical Center at the University of Los Llanos with clinical signs of lameness in the right hind limb. The orthopedic examination revealed passive laxity of the hip joint and tarsal joint of both limbs. A radiographic study of the hip and tarsal joints was performed, revealing bilateral laxity and joint incongruity of the hip and bilateral joint laxity in the proximal and distal intertarsal joints. Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis was performed as surgical treatment. Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis is a less invasive technique compared to other pelvic osteotomies and has a less complex postoperative period. Although it requires early diagnosis, it has been shown to slow the progression of dysplasia, reduce pain, and decrease medication use over long periods.
subject: Casos clínicos
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creator: Dairy Julieth Parra Lamprea
creator: Natalia Pedraza Castillo
creator: Anita Roque Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-29
publication date: 2025-10-29
starting page: 01
ending page: 12
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1345

Memories I International Congress of Ruminant Production in the Tropics University of de Llanos
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description: Los sistemas de producción de carne y leche presentan una necesidad continua de perfeccionamiento, aumento de productividad y lucratividad, en un escenario cada vez más competitivo con otras actividades agropecuarias y aumento de los costos de producción. Basado en lo anterior, toda la cadena productiva debe estar atenta a los cambios, que con frecuencia ocurren. Adicionalmente, un sistema de producción de rumiantes que objetiva sostenibilidad requiere la comprensión de innúmeros factores relacionados con la implantación, producción y utilización de nuevas tecnologías y prácticas de manejo que estimulen el aumento de la productividad de manera holística. En Colombia los sistemas de producción con animales rumiantes son caracterizados por el manejo extensivo, en donde predominan los bajos indicadores zootécnicos que redundan en una menor eficiencia bio económica. Sin embargo, encontramos territorios con una importante incorporación de paquetes tecnológicos de vanguardia, con obtención de resultados positivos y competitivos, en donde lo básico en términos de manejo, es realizado de manera exitosa. Con este propósito, el I Congreso Internacional de Producción de Rumiantes en el Trópico CONRUMINT, busca apoyar en el fortalecimiento de la región de la Orinoquia y del país, a través de la divulgación del conocimiento y apropiación social de tecnologías generadas a nivel mundial orientadas al uso adecuado de los recursos biológicos disponibles con la consecuente optimización del sistema como un todo.
subject: Memorias evento científico
  topic: section
creator: Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales Universidad de los llanos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 01
ending page: 77
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1344

Animal consciousness, beyond instincts: the silenced inner lives of those who also feel
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description: El presente artículo académico invita a replantear nuestra forma de ver a los animales, en especial a los caninos, no como aquellos seres que simplemente actúan por instinto, sino como mentes sensibles que sienten, comprenden y viven el mundo desde una conciencia propia. A través de experiencias personales, el vínculo cotidiano con ellos y un sustento científico en neurociencia y etología, se explora la existencia de una interioridad que ha sido históricamente silenciada. Sus miradas, reacciones y afectos no son mecánicos: son expresiones de una subjetividad que no necesita lenguaje para ser real; escucharlos es, quizá, el primer paso hacia una forma más justa de convivencia.
subject: Editorial
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creator: Thalía Hernández Álvarez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-16
publication date: 2026-02-16
ending page: 1323
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1323

Effect of short-term storage on semen quality and total antioxidant capacity in white cachama semen (Piaractus orinoquensis)
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description: The quality of white-faced cachama (Piaractus orinoquensis) semen is crucial for artificial reproduction. The temporary deterioration of semen in vitro limits its handling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term storage at room temperature on key quality parameters and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of semen from this species. Semen was collected from six hormonally induced males. Samples were kept at room temperature (~23°C) and evaluated at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes post-collection. Bulk motility (%), motility duration (s), pH, and TAC of seminal plasma were analyzed. Bulk motility remained high (>93%) during the first 30 minutes, but decreased significantly (p < 0.05) at 60 minutes (87.50 ± 6.12%). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in motility duration or total antioxidant capacity (0.389 ± 0.17 mM Trolox) over the 1-hour evaluation period. Seminal pH remained constant at 8.5. P. orinoquensis semen remained viable for at least 30 minutes at room temperature. The initial decline in sperm quality appears to be due to energy depletion rather than to depletion of the antioxidant system, which remained constant. A management window is established to optimize artificial fertilization protocols in this species.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Nicolás Felipe León-Roldán
creator: Andrés Esteban Chacón-Morales
creator: Roger Oswaldo Suarez-Martínez
creator: Diana Nathalie Guaje-Ramírez
creator: Owens Jose Barros Barrios
creator: Víctor Mauricio Medina-Robles
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-09-15
publication date: 2025-09-15
starting page: 01
ending page: 10
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1321

Original antigenic sin between common human coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: clinical implications of COVID-19
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description: Aim was to conduct a systematic review on the original antigenic sin (OAS) phenomena in coronavirus 2019 patients who present antibodies or cross-reactivity T cells previously generated by endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV), as well as the implications on the humoral response, disease severity, and vaccination efficacy. This systematic review was structured following PRISMA protocol, the search was made in three databases: NCBI, BVS, and EMBASE following the next terms: Original antigenic sin, SARS-CoV-2, immunological memory, cross-reactivity, human coronavirus 229E, human coronavirus NL63, and human coronavirus OC43. 956 scientific papers were recovered through the searching strategy. Among them, 724 MEDLINE articles, 200 EMBASE articles, and 28 BVS articles. Then, the duplicates were removed, followed by the implementation of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 60 articles that fit the systematic review were included. The immunological memory generated by endemic HCoV has the capacity to induce immunopathology through OAS, increasing immunoglobulins (Ig) class G or class titles describing cross-reactivity with non-neutralizing epitopes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 and decreasing de novo antibodies response against neutralizing epitopes. The clinical picture can be worse thanks to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Finally, there is no evidence that existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce ADE or are influenced by OAS.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Natalia Acosta Olivera
creator: María Clara Chacón García
creator: Lida Carolina Lesmes Rodriguez
creator: Dumar Alexander Jaramillo Hernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
starting page: 01
ending page: 18
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1311

Security Fronts as a strategy for citizen participation in Villavicencio
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Juan Guillermo Castro Duarte
creator: Darío Caldas Guarnizo
creator: Jessica Alejandra Gutiérrez Peña
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
starting page: 01
ending page: 02
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1306

Security and territorial management in Villavicencio: a new boost from the MNVCC
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Juan Guillermo Castro Duarte
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
starting page: 01
ending page: 03
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1305

Feline idiopathic cystitis: Case Report
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description: Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is the most common uropathy among feline lower urinary tract diseases (FLUTD). It is a condition of unknown etiology that affects multiple systems in addition to the urinary tract. This report describes the case of a 5-year-old neutered male cat referred to the Veterinary Clinical Center of the Universidad de los Llanos. The patient presented with red urine and abdominal pain, along with a history of urinary obstruction, and was admitted with a previously placed urinary catheter from another veterinary clinic. Hematuria (blood in urine), pain upon palpation of the caudal abdomen, distended bladder (bladder pletora). Complete blood count (CBC) and creatinine levels were within normal ranges. A urinalysis was performed using a sample collected via the urinary catheter. Abdominal ultrasound revealed: Anechoic content in the urinary bladder (consistent with urine). Renal cortical hyperechogenicity and a 1:1 cortex-to-medulla ratio in the renal parenchyma. Continuous maintenance fluid therapy. Tramadol (analgesic). Meloxicam (NSAID for inflammation/pain). Omeprazole (to protect the gastric mucosa). The treatment was adjusted based on the patient's clinical progression. All feline patients with lower urinary tract diseases require specialized medical evaluation that includes not only pharmacological treatment but also a detailed assessment of the patient's environmental and behavioral components to determine the degree of stress and anxiety that may be linked to the diagnosis.
subject: Casos clínicos
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creator: John Alexander Machado Santos
creator: Anita Roque Rodríguez
creator: Natalia Pedraza Castillo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-09-15
publication date: 2025-09-15
starting page: 01
ending page: 11
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1296

Mites associated with the cultivation of strawberries Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne (Weston) in Pamplona, Norte de Santander
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description: The cultivation of Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne (Weston) strawberries is an important economic activity in the villages near the town center of Pamplona, Norte de Santander. Agronomic management of the crop is essential to ensure its quality and longevity. Tetranychus urticae Koch is considered the main pest of strawberries due to its high reproductive capacity in a short period of time and the damage it causes by reducing the plant’s photosynthetic capacity. Control of this pest is basically chemical. However, the availability of chemical molecules is limited, leading to their frequent and excessive use, and to the probable tolerance and onset of resistance processes. The present study sought to identify the mites associated with strawberry cultivation in Pamplona. Leaves with symptoms of T. urticae attack were collected in six different production areas over a period of six weeks. The collected specimens were mounted on microscopy slides in Hoyer’s medium and identified with the aid of a microscope and specialized keys. The presence of T. urticae was confirmed, and the pest species Phytonemus pallidus Banks and a potential field or post-harvest pest Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank and the predator Neoseiulus californicus were also recorded. The recording of a local population of the predator N. californicus opens up an opportunity for its breeding and release, which, together with campaigns on the importance of rational pesticide use, will make it possible to generate a more sustainable product with added value, increasing the income and quality of life of producers.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Fredy Alexander Rodriguez Cruz
creator: Esneider Mauricio Vera Suarez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-04-07
publication date: 2026-04-07
ending page: 1284
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1284

Memories VI Meeting of Researchers of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources - University of the Llanos
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description: In order to publicize the research conducted at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (FCARN) of the Universidad de los Llanos, the FCARN Researchers Meeting has been held since 2013. This academic event provides the academic community with a space to attend lectures and conferences that present the advances in the five lines of research of the Faculty: Animal, Agricultural and Environmental Health; Agricultural Production; Rural and Territorial Development; Agroindustrial Production Systems; and Hydrobiological Resources. In the 2024 version, the Research Groups attached to the Faculty participated not only in the presentation of oral and poster presentations, but also in the organization and logistical support of the event and the trade fair and university enterprises. Lines of Research: Animal, Agricultural and Environmental Health. Agricultural Production. Rural and Territorial Development. Agroindustrial Production Systems. Hydrobiological Resources.
subject: Memorias evento científico
  topic: section
creator: encuentro investigador esfcarn
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-05-08
publication date: 2025-05-08
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1265

Artificial Intelligence as an ally for achieving research objectives
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Juan Diego Mesa Truque
creator: Leidy Johana Ariza Marín
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-16
publication date: 2025-04-16
ending page: 1247
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1247

Biomaterials implemented to accelerate bone consolidation of critical defects in long bones
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subject: Editorial
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creator: Anita Roque Rodríguez
creator: Luz Natalia Pedraza Castillo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-03-21
publication date: 2025-03-21
ending page: 1242
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1242

Entomofauna associated with Non-Bt conr cultvation in Córdoba, Argentina
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description: Corn (Zea mays L.) is a crop of global importance, due to its multiple uses. In Argentina, one of the main producers in the world, its yield is affected by various pests and diseases. The mass adoption of Bt corn in this country has raised concerns about pest resistance, such as possible alterations in the composition of the entomofauna. In this context, it is necessary to investigate whether the predominance of Bt corn has generated changes in the populations of pests and natural enemies. This is why this study aimed to determine the economically important phytophages and beneficial predators in a non-genetically modified corn crop in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. The experiment was carried out in the Field School of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the National University of Córdoba, located in the town of Capilla de los Remedios. A non-Bt corn RFG22RE (Corteva) was planted on December 28, 2023. The experimental design consisted of three plots of 7 rows 5 meters long, separated by 0.52 m, with weekly sampling from emergence to physiological maturity, totaling 12 evaluations. Two samples of 10 consecutive plants were taken, manually checking for insects and egg masses, representing a total of 20 plants per plot/evaluation. The most important lepidopteran phytophagous of the crop was Spodoptera frugiperda, which presented the highest incidence and severity in the phenological stage V6-V7. The sampling revealed a significant increase in Dalbulus maidis, a species that until now had no economic importance in the region. This increase was accompanied by a higher incidence of stunting disease, which shows its impact on corn cultivation. The absence of Diatraea scharalis in the crop, despite being a non-Bt corn, suggests changes in the population dynamics of this pest at a regional level, which should be studied. The most frequent species within the predator group was Chrysoperla sp. The results of this work highlight the importance of carrying out constant …
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: María Laura Moscardó
creator: Lucia Aimi
creator: Jean Pierre Spohn
creator: Alejandra Concepción Gutierrez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
starting page: 01
ending page: 12
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1241

In vivo Digestibility in sheep fed with silage and supplemented with wheat bran, with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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description: The requirements of sheep include water, energy, proteins, minerals and vitamins, which are essential to ensure proper growth, production and reproduction. These requirements vary according to the production system, physiological state, sex, age and live weight of the animal. However, the productivity of grazing sheep is limited by two main factors: the quality of the available forage and the high incidence of gastrointestinal parasites. In this research, an in vivo digestibility study was conducted with adult female sheep, with an average weight of 24.5 ± 8 kg, at the Universidad de los Llanos in the city of Villavicencio, Colombia. The objective was to develop sheep feeding strategies that incorporate agro-industrial by-products with high nutritional value, acting as energy-protein correctors in low-quality diets, in order to improve production rates. For the study, a 4x4 Latin square experimental design was used, applying four treatments to four animals during four periods. Each period consisted of four days of accustoming and three days of experimental data collection. The treatments evaluated were T1 = King Grass silage only (EK), T2 = EK + 6 gr probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), T3 = EK + 200 gr wheat bran (ST), T4 = EK + 200 gr ST + 6 gr probiotic. The variables evaluated were, digestibility coefficients (Cod) of nutrients such as: dry matter (DM), crude protein (PC), fat, crude fiber (FC), non-nitrogenous extract (ENN) with which total digestible nutrients (% TDN), digestible energy (DE in megacalories/k of DM) and metabolizable energy (ME in megacalories/k of DM) were calculated. The Cod of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was also evaluated. Based on DM consumption, feed conversion (FC) was estimated. The results indicated that the four treatments had a similar performance, with numerically higher Cod of: DM, CP and fat in T2 (0.561, 0.875 and 0.895) and Cod of ENN and NDF in T1 (0.938 and 0.847 respectively). The Cod of FC, TDN, ED and EM were numerically…
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: María Alejandra González Lozano
creator: Laura Daniela Parrado Martínez
creator: Camilo Andrés Díaz Arias
creator: María Ligia Roa Vega
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-14
publication date: 2025-04-14
ending page: 1234
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1234

Phenological and morphometric characterization of a Cajanus cajan seedling stand in an AW2 climate
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description: The current edaphoclimatic conditions in the tropics have genetically eroded the local biodiversity. Based on this, an exploration of a coeval stand of Cajanus cajan, established with seed from a specimen located in acahual, was carried out. Twenty-eight plants were planted in a row design. Phenological evaluation was carried out at 150 and 210 days post-sowing, including: plant height (PA), stem diameter (SD) and number of primary branches (NRP) in the first evaluation, adding the robustness index (RI) in the second evaluation. Morphometry included length, diameter, seeded and unseeded weight of pods, total seed weight, number of seeds and average seed weight per pod. Phenology at 150 days showed highly significant correlations (70.9% to 78.5%). The second evaluation showed a progressive growth of C. cajan, with Coefficients of Variation of 15.21% for AP, 24.24% in DT, 21.98% for NRP. The IR was 7.5. The morphometry of pods and seeds showed a highly significant correlation (α 0.01). We conclude on the feasibility of establishing Cajanus cajan germplasm banks with local genetic material, managed under site conditions in an AW2 climate.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Manuel Villarruel Fuentes
creator: Ignacio Garay-Peralta
creator: Rómulo Chávez-Morales
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
starting page: 01
ending page: 14
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1227

A systematic review of plant extracts and secondary metabolites of tick-killing interest for Rhipicephalus microplus in cattle
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description: The current problems in livestock production, related to the lack of effective pest control, especially ticks, have caused a significant drain on resources and production. This situation highlights the need to explore natural and sustainable alternatives for pest management in the livestock sector. A structured systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA protocol, on plant extracts and identification of secondary metabolites of the same for acaricidal purposes, specifically on Rhipicephalus microplus ticks. The search for information was based on five scientific platforms: Elsevier, PubMed, Scielo, Springer and ResearchGate. This review documented different analyses on studies with tickicidal purposes using extracts from different plants. Within the information collected from articles published in the last 10 years, 104 articles were identified, where 178 investigated plants belonging to 60 families were cited. The Asteraceae family is mostly studied for acaricidal purposes. In addition, it was identified that the extract of the Lobelia leschenaultiana plant has the lowest acaricidal concentration (0.004%, 93.33% mortality); and the Acmella oleracea plant has been the most effective as a larvicide (0.31%, 100% larval mortality). These results offer detailed knowledge about the efficacy of various plant extracts and their groups of secondary metabolites regarding their tick-killing potential, which is important in the control of R. microplus in cattle farms. Most acaricidal studies with plant extracts reach in vitro studies; it is necessary to carry out these studies in situ conditions, in this way to consider therapeutic alternatives based on plants to be successfully linked to the comprehensive control of R. microplus in cattle farms.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Jessica Alejandra Aponte-Forero
creator: Julieth Viviana Rodríguez-Rincón
creator: María Alejandra Velasquez-Peña
creator: Dumar Alexander Jaramillo-Hernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
ending page: 1180
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1180

Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on in vitro Digestibility of five forage species using sheep feces as inoculum
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description: Due to the high costs of animal feed concentrates, sheep producers have been forced to seek alternatives to make their production systems more efficient by improving forage use, which has driven the adoption of new technologies. Among these, probiotics, which are microorganisms added to the feed, have proven beneficial for ruminal digestion without altering physiological functions. In this context, the present study determined the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the in vitro digestibility of five forages used in sheep feeding. Samples were taken from hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), moringa (Moringa oleifera), gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), mulberry (Morus alba), and the king grass hybrid (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum typhoides). The treatments were organized into two groups: one without microorganisms (WMI) and the other with microorganisms (WMIcro). The inoculum was obtained from the excreta of grazing sheep, which were collected via rectal palpation and then mixed with buffer solution (McDougall’s saliva). Subsequently, the microorganisms (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), which were previously macerated and homogenized, were added. The microorganisms or probiotics, the inoculum, and the samples were placed in 20 ml syringes and incubated at constant temperature and agitation for 48 hours, then dried in an oven at 60°C for 48 hours. In vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (IVNDFD), and crude protein (IVCPD) were determined. The results were analyzed with SPSS software. Hibiscus, mulberry, moringa, and gliricidia showed significant differences (P<0.05) between WMIcro and WMI treatments in IVDMD, being higher in treatments without probiotics (75.6% vs. 41.9%), (70.1% vs. 32.7%), (70.1% vs. 27.6%), and (66.9% vs. 48.2%), respectively. The IVNDFD of WMIcro and WMI treatments for hibiscus, mulberry, and king grass showed significance (P<0.05), being higher in SMI (72.9%, 6…
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Luisa Fernanda Gómez López
creator: Jorge Alberto Ríos Jaimes
creator: María Ligia Roa Vega
creator: César Augusto Navarro Ortíz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
ending page: 1178
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1178

Productive and physiological behavior of fattening sheep with supplementation while grazing on Brachiaria spp.
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description: Supplementation in fattening sheep in the Piedemonte Llanero region of Colombia is a common practice to meet their nutritional needs due to climatic fluctuations and soil conditions. It is necessary to seek alternatives to preserve forage during summer to maintain its protein value. This study, conducted in Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia, aimed to evaluate the performance of crossbred fattening sheep grazing on Brachiaria spp. with supplementation of corn silage, palm kernel cake, wheat bran, and Tithonia diversifolia (Golden Button). The research was carried out at the University of los Llanos Farm in Villavicencio-Meta, using 12 sheep with an average weight of 19.5 ± 3.6 kg. At the start of the productive management, the sheep were administered Compleland B12 at a dose of 2 ml intramuscularly and dewormed with 1 ml of Febendazole at 25% orally. The sheep were allowed to graze Brachiaria spp. freely and were supplemented with 250 grams of dry matter per day, containing the following treatments: T1: 30% commercial concentrate (CC) + 70% corn silage (CS); T2: 30% CC + 40% CS + 30% palm kernel cake; T3: 30% CC + 40% CS + 30% wheat bran; T4: 30% CC + 40% CS + 30% Golden Button. The sheep were kept in stalls until 10 a.m. for supplementation and then taken out to graze. The analyzed variables included the nutritional content of the four treatments in terms of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), fat, crude fiber (CF), and non-nitrogen extract (NNE) in the supplied forages. DM, CP, organic matter (OM), and minerals such as Ca, Mg, P, and Cu were determined through foliar analysis. The sheep were evaluated for DM, CP, fat, CF, NNE consumption, in vivo digestibility of the DM of the supplied treatments, and weight gain. The statistical design was completely randomized, using Duncan's comparative test. For blood parameters, the Student’s T-test was used to measure before and after supplementation. The contents of DM, CP, OM, Ca, Mg, P, and Cu in the forages indicated that Go…
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: María Cristina Velásquez Morales
creator: Camilo Andrés Diaz Arias
creator: María Ligia Roa Vega
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
ending page: 1177
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1177

Is Mpox the new emerging sexually transmitted disease?
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description: Regarding report #35 of the multi-country Mpox outbreak, generated on August 12 of this year by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2024), where epidemiological data on this emerging disease of zoonotic origin are collected, which describe the behavior of this disease in the population from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. There are 99,176 confirmed cases of Mpox and 208 deaths distributed in 116 countries. Likewise, according to the long-term risk assessment of Mpox until August 2024, the risk is HIGH for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and neighboring countries, which mainly affects adults and spreads predominantly through sexual contact (linked to clade Ib). Likewise, HIGH for the DRC where mpox is endemic, mainly affects children and spreads through multiple modes of transmission (linked to clade Ia). MODERATE risk for Nigeria and countries in West, Central and East Africa where mpox is endemic, affects children and adults, and spreads through multiple modes of transmission (linked to clades I and II). MODERATE risk for countries in Africa and globally where outbreaks primarily affect men who have sex with men and spread predominantly through sexual contact (linked to clade IIb).
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Dumar Alexander Jaramillo-Hernández
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1175

Analysis of a strategy of a short food supply chain urban-rural in the District of Medellin
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description: Short marketing circuits (SCC) are a social and sustainable proposal for the circulation and marketing of agroecological products within local markets. From this perspective, the CCCs are an emerging initiative whose commitment is oriented towards the transformation of conventional market dynamics, conceiving it as a means to development, rather than an end in itself. The objective of this research is to analyze the behavior of exchange dynamics and characteristics of the actors present in a strategy of short urban-rural marketing circuits in Medellín, between the years 2020 and 2022. A descriptive cross-sectional study is proposed, with availability retrospective data through secondary source. The source of information will correspond to the records of visits and marketing logs concerning the program to strengthen the agri-food system in the District of Medellín for the years 2020 to 2022. The strategy welcomed 306 local producers, of which only 5, 8% belong to associative processes; As for marketers, it was identified that proximity and price are the key characteristics when supplying food; In turn, the transactions generated in the strategy date from marketing mainly of vegetables, generating low quantity transactions mainly in stores and supermarkets, however, when the recipient is the institutional market, a greater volume is evident in the marketing of the foods. The evaluated strategy allowed us to identify how, from an institutional project aimed at the implementation of Short Marketing Circuits in the local environment, effective mechanisms are generated to promote fair trade, improve the conditions of local producers, and provide the territory with food fresh.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Santiago Gómez Velásquez
creator: Jenifer Puerta Zapata
creator: Michelle Dyan Barrientos Arango
creator: Susan Andrea Murillo Córdoba
creator: Xaviana Arboleda Mena
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-04
publication date: 2025-04-04
ending page: 1174
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1174

Conceptual design of a slow pyrolysis plant for producing biochar derived from crop residues and agro-industrial cassava wastes.
type: item
description: Biochar, which is produced from agricultural or agro-industrial waste, is becoming an increasingly interesting by-product. It has various potential applications that could provide profitable alternatives for Colombian producers. This article assesses the feasibility of producing biochar from cassava waste, specifically branches and peels. It explores the potential uses of biochar and evaluates its technical feasibility based on data from the Orinoquia region. The conceptual project is based on laboratory analyses conducted in the pyrolysis laboratory at the Universidad de los Llanos. Different slow pyrolysis treatments were tested, and the biochar samples were evaluated for pH, conductivity, and thermal properties. The results showed that cassava branches produced the highest biochar yield at 41.22%. The technical analysis indicates that establishing a pyrolysis plant for processing branches and peels is feasible in Orinoquia. Thus, biochar is considered a technically viable alternative, as a significant amount of residual biomass is readily available in the cassava production chain. This biomass has potential applications as a biofuel, soil improver, carbon capture agent, and even as electrodes for supercapacitors in the electronics field.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Daniel D. Celis-Carmona
creator: Yulitza F. Rodríguez-Sánchez
creator: Leonardo Alexis Alonso Gómez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-15
publication date: 2025-04-15
ending page: 1170
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1170

Hydroponic green fodder and mulberry foliage. Feeding alternatives for dairy cattle in family production systems
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description: The present study addresses the topic of dairy cattle feeding in familiar systems in Maravatio, Mexico, its issues, and the potential alternatives that could be adopted to confront the challenges of food scarcity due to the drought problems in the area. Were realized two participatory action research to identify the principal issues that affect dairy cattle feeding. Besides, was used the participant observation to have a closer contact with the producers and to understand their difficulties in feeding cattle. Moreover, was employed the transect methodology to identify promising plants for their use in cattle feed. In general, Maravatio operates with family milk production systems; these systems are characterized by higher resilience and lower dependence on external inputs. However, persistent drought has forced producers to purchase feed for dairy cattle. One of the alternatives that could be implemented is the production of hydroponic green forage, and the other would be the implementation of protein banks with Mulberry, Morus alba, whose foliage contains protein levels between 15 and 18%. It is concluded that the adoption of these two practices by producers could be a factor in reducing the costs of dairy cattle feeding, contributing to the sustainability of family milk production in Maravatio
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Emilio Andrés Delis Hechavarría
creator: Randy Jiménez Jiménez
creator: Mauricio Miguel Estrada
creator: Gretel Iliana Gil González
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-04
publication date: 2025-04-04
ending page: 1162
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1162

Mini review of neonatal maladjustment syndrome in horses
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description: Neonatal maladjustment syndrome, also called neonatal encephalopathy, perinatal asphyxia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and “dumb foal” syndrome, occurs in foals suffering from hypoxia, as well as those suspected of experiencing an altered transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life. However, the etiology is unknown since it may have multiple origins. The primary symptoms include seizures, blindness, vocalizations, wandering, tonic-clonic contractions and loss of the sucking reflex, as well as described in other cases a failure in thermoregulation, seizures and alterations of other body organ systems, such as decreased motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Regarding its pathophysiology, it derives from two moments, the first due to a process of acute cerebral ischemia and energy and oxygen deficit; the second is due to a process of the metabolic neurotransmitter or endocrine imbalances where the inhibitory effects of neurosteroids (adenosine, allopregnanolone, pregnenolone and prostaglandin D2) still present after birth and are believed to be partially responsible for the alteration of consciousness. Treatments usually focus on clinic neonate signs, so pregnancy control in mares and calving accompaniment are essential to prevent this syndrome.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Paula Juliana Moreno Carrillo
creator: Brayan Farid Vargas Barrera
creator: Carmen Leonide Molina Ramos
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
ending page: 1143
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1143

Effect of environmental enrichment on weight gain and human-animal relationship in grazing cattle
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description: Cattle in extensive grazing in the low tropics survive different nutritional, health and well-being limitations, which constantly challenge human capacity to provide them with improvement plans capable of generating adaptability to the productive context, reducing the adversities of an environmental and social environment. The objective of this research was to analyze the interaction times and preference of environmental enrichment elements, the human-animal relationship and weight gain of grazing cattle in the low tropics. For this, 26 cattle were used, which graze in natural extensive systems, randomly divided into two groups, the first called G1C control, in which elements of environmental enrichment were non-existent in the grazing areas. On the other hand, group two called G2EA, which was integrated for one hour (9:00 am to 10:00 am) in a modified environment enriched with tires, commercial brushes and handmade brushes. The animals were evaluated for 20 hours for 4 weeks. In these observations, the times of physical contact and interaction with the enriched elements, the human-animal relationship were assessed through 5 Welfare Quality tests of approach-avoidance fear and weight gain during the test. The data were analyzed with the statistical program SAS® Software, version 9.4. It was identified that environmental enrichment had significant behavioral effects on some of the variables analyzed such as the human-animal relationship, with the G2EA group being the one that presented the highest percentages of animals that allowed positive consolidation. The interaction with the enrichment elements that captured the highest percentage of use was the static commercial brush. Environmental enrichment gives the cattle in this experiment beneficial effects of the human-animal relationship, positive effects for weight gain. It is necessary to carry out more studies, with a greater number of animals of different age groups and production techniques, testing different mod…
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Gino Odair Vargas Angel
creator: Dumar Alexander Jaramillo-Hernández
creator: Eva Mainau Brunsó
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-13
publication date: 2024-09-13
ending page: 1142
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1142

Impact of aquatic antibiotic pollution on Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance
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description: The excessive and improper use of antibiotics has led to the presence of these substances in water resources, triggering the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of relevance to public health, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This opportunistic pathogen, known for its intrinsic resistance, can cause infections in humans, animals and plants. Worldwide, different concentrations of antibiotics have been detected in fresh water, and according to evidence even in subinhibitory concentrations. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of developing mutations in genes related to porins, efflux pumps and enzymes; in addition, it has the ability to acquire resistance genes, generate persistent cells and form highly organized communities, known as biofilms, which function as protective shields. These resistances, both acquired and adaptive, are caused by the presence of antimicrobial agents, the selective pressure exerted and environmental factors. It is important to highlight that the adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to freshwater contamination with antibiotics is a crucial issue in the surveillance and management of environmental pollution. This is essential to prevent the spread of bacterial resistance, protecting both human health and environmental balance.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Juliana Atehortua Usuga
creator: Jovanna Acero Godoy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-04-10
publication date: 2025-04-10
ending page: 1141
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1141

Socio-Environmental indicators applied to the assessment of water quality in the agricultural sector. A Review.
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description: The proper use and management of water resources is of vital importance in human activities, including agricultural activities, where the resource must be periodically monitored using applied indicators. The general objective of this study was to identify socio-environmental indicators in the evaluation of water quality. A systematic review of literature related to socio-environmental indicators applied to the evaluation of water quality in the agricultural sector was conducted, including documents published between the years 2011 to 2022. The databases used were Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Scopus. Articles, books, and scientific reports were included. The review was carried out in four stages. The results reflected that there are three approaches applied to the development of socio-environmental indicators associated with the evaluation of water quality in the agricultural sector. Regarding the trend of research distribution, it was evidenced that Asia, Europe, and America presented greater importance in the development of research on socio-environmental indicators. In countries such as China and Thailand, the highest number of studies associated with socio-environmental indicators in the agricultural sector were observed, promoting the production of clean strategies in accordance with water resource management in activities associated with agriculture.
subject: Revisión de literatura
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creator: Andrea Carolina Fiquitiva Sierra
creator: Miguel Angel Gamboa Castellanos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-03-21
publication date: 2025-03-21
ending page: 1136
doi: 10.22579/22484817.1136