Trabajo remoto: transformaciones y tensiones en el compromiso organizacional y la satisfacción laboral
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https://doi.org/10.22579/23463910.1363Palabras clave:
Bienestar, gestión, innovación, personal.Resumen
El trabajo remoto se ha consolidado como una modalidad laboral predominante a raíz de los avances tecnológicos y las transformaciones socioeconómicas recientes. Sin embargo, su expansión ha generado tensiones en el compromiso organizacional y la satisfacción laboral, al modificar las dinámicas de interacción, control y pertenencia en las organizaciones. Objetivo: Analizar, a través de una revisión sistemática, cómo el trabajo remoto influye en el compromiso organizacional y la satisfacción laboral, identificando los principales factores que potencian o debilitan dicha relación. Materiales y métodos: Se aplicó el modelo PRISMA para garantizar la transparencia y rigor en la selección y análisis de los estudios. La búsqueda incluyó bases de datos académicas internacionales y se centró en investigaciones empíricas publicadas entre 2000 y 2025. Resultados: Los hallazgos indican que la autonomía laboral, la flexibilidad y el soporte tecnológico actúan como predictores positivos del compromiso y la satisfacción, al favorecer la productividad y el bienestar. En contraste, la ambigüedad de roles, la sobrecarga digital y el aislamiento social se identifican como factores de riesgo que deterioran la cohesión organizacional y el sentido de pertenencia. Conclusión: La efectividad del trabajo remoto depende de estrategias de gestión que promuevan la comunicación clara, la integración social y el equilibrio vida-trabajo, reconociendo la diversidad de contextos y experiencias laborales. Contribución/originalidad: Este estudio aporta una síntesis actualizada y crítica de la evidencia empírica sobre el vínculo entre trabajo remoto, compromiso y satisfacción laboral, ofreciendo una base conceptual útil para la formulación de políticas organizacionales adaptativas y sostenibles en entornos de trabajo híbridos o completamente remotos.
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